KOWA YA TUNA BARA!
GENERAL SANI ABACHA: GYARAN HANYOYI A NAJERIYA — KUƊAƊEN DA AKA KASHE DA ABIN DA HUJJOJI SUKA TABBATAR
Bincike na Musamman daga Alfijir Labarai
FITOWA TA 9
Gabatarwa
Hanyoyi na daga cikin muhimman abubuwan more rayuwa da ke haɗa al’umma, sauƙaƙa zirga-zirga, bunƙasa kasuwanci da taimaka wa manoma wajen kai amfanin gonakinsu kasuwa.
A lokacin mulkin Janar Sani Abacha, daga 1993 zuwa 1998, an bayyana gyaran hanyoyi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan da ake son aiwatarwa ta hanyar kuɗaɗen da aka ware domin ayyukan raya ƙasa.
Sai dai tambayar da wannan fitowa ke dubawa ita ce: Mene ne bayanan hukuma suka tabbatar game da kuɗaɗen gyaran hanyoyi a wannan lokaci? Kuma ina iyakar abin da za a iya danganta wa gwamnatin Abacha bisa takardun da ake da su?
ABIN DA ABACHA YA BAYYANA A 1997
A jawabinsa na bikin cika shekaru 37 da samun ’yancin kan Najeriya, a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1997, Janar Sani Abacha ya yi magana kan ayyukan da aka gudanar ta hanyar Petroleum Trust Fund (PTF).
A cikin jawabin, ya bayyana cewa an ware kuɗaɗen da suka haura naira biliyan 30 domin gyaran hanyoyi a faɗin ƙasar.
Wannan bayani muhimmin shaida ne game da abin da gwamnatin lokacin ta sanar. Amma yana da muhimmanci a bambanta sanarwar da aka yi da cikakken rahoton ayyukan da aka kammala. Sanarwar ware kuɗi ko ɗaukar nauyin aiki ba ita kaɗai ce ke tabbatar da cewa an kammala dukkan ayyukan ba.
Bayanan jawabin na 1997 suna nan a kundin Archivi.ng:
https://archivi.ng/the-archivist/stories/issue-4/independence-day-speeches-nigeria/1997-independence-day-speech
ME BAYANAN IMF SUKA NUNA?
Wani rahoton da Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya (IMF) ya wallafa ya ƙunshi bayanan kuɗaɗen Petroleum Special Trust Fund (PSTF), ciki har da kashe kuɗaɗe kan ayyukan raya ƙasa.
A cikin teburin bayanan kuɗaɗen PSTF, an nuna cewa an kashe waɗannan kuɗaɗe a ƙarƙashin rukunin “Roads, road transport and waterways” — wato hanyoyi, sufuri ta hanya da hanyoyin ruwa:
• Shekarar 1996: naira biliyan 11.863.
• Shekarar 1997: naira biliyan 12.412.
Waɗannan alkaluma suna nuna kuɗaɗen da aka rubuta a ƙarƙashin wannan cikakken rukuni. Ba daidai ba ne a fassara su a matsayin kuɗin gyaran hanyoyi kaɗai, domin rukunin ya haɗa da sufuri ta hanya da hanyoyin ruwa.
Haka kuma, rahoton ya yi amfani da sunan PSTF, yayin da jawabin Abacha ya ambaci PTF. Saboda haka, bai kamata a ɗauki sunayen a matsayin abu ɗaya kai tsaye ba tare da ƙarin takardun da suka tabbatar da alaƙarsu ko bambancinsu ba.
Tushen bayanan IMF:
https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/1998/078/article-A004-en.xml
WASU HANYOYI SUN SAMU TAIMAKON KUƊI DAGA PTF
Rahoton Bankin Duniya kan aikin gyaran hanyoyin wasu jihohi, wanda ya haɗa da Kano, ya nuna cewa an gudanar da aikin ne ta hanyar wani tsari da ya haɗa da tallafin Bankin Duniya da gudummawar ɓangarorin da suka shiga aikin.
A cikin bayanan kuɗaɗen aikin, an nuna cewa gudummawar PTF ta kai naira miliyan 224, yayin da gudummawar gwamnatin jihar ta kai naira miliyan 299. Rahoton ya kuma nuna cewa daga cikin kuɗin rancen Bankin Duniya da aka amince da su, an fitar da kusan dala miliyan 36.07.
Wannan yana nuna cewa PTF ta taimaka wajen tallafa wa wani aikin gyaran hanyoyi a Kano, amma ba ya nufin cewa PTF ce ta ɗauki nauyin dukkan aikin. Haka kuma, kasancewar aikin ya shafi Kano ba ya ba mu damar cewa dukkan hanyoyin jihar sun kammala a wannan lokaci.
Rahoton Bankin Duniya:
https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/275611468291014954/pdf/multi-page.pdf
ABIN DA HUJJOJIN SUKA TABBATAR — DA ABIN DA HAR YANZU YAKE BUƘATAR ƘARIN SHAIDA
Daga bayanan da muka samu, akwai muhimman abubuwa guda uku da za a iya faɗa cikin taka-tsantsan:
Na farko, jawabin gwamnatin Abacha na 1997 ya bayyana cewa an ware kuɗaɗen da suka haura naira biliyan 30 domin gyaran hanyoyi.
Na biyu, bayanan IMF sun nuna kashe kuɗaɗe a rukunin hanyoyi, sufuri ta hanya da hanyoyin ruwa a shekarun 1996 da 1997.
Na uku, rahoton Bankin Duniya ya tabbatar da cewa aikin hanyoyin jihohi da ya shafi Kano ya samu gudummawar PTF, tare da gudummawar jihar da tallafin rance.
Sai dai har yanzu ana buƙatar ƙarin takardun hukuma domin tabbatar da cikakken jerin hanyoyin da aka gyara a lokacin, adadin kilomitocin da aka kammala, yawan kwangilolin da aka kammala kafin ƙarshen mulkin Abacha, da kuma kuɗin da aka biya kan kowane aiki.
Saboda haka, ba za mu gabatar da wani adadi na kilomitocin hanyoyi ko kashi na kammala ayyuka a matsayin tabbataccen bayani ba sai an samu sahihiyar takardar da ta tabbatar da shi.
KAMMALAWA
Bayanan da ake da su sun nuna cewa gyaran hanyoyi ya kasance cikin ayyukan da aka ware musu kuɗaɗe a lokacin mulkin Janar Sani Abacha. Jawabin gwamnati da bayanan IMF, tare da rahoton Bankin Duniya kan aikin hanyoyin jihohi, sun ba da wasu hujjoji na fahimtar yadda aka tsara tallafin ayyukan.
Amma tantance cikakken nasarar shirin na buƙatar ƙarin bayani game da hanyoyin da aka gyara, waɗanda aka kammala, kuɗin da aka biya, da ayyukan da suka ci gaba bayan ƙarshen mulkin.
Manufar Alfijir Labarai ita ce a bincika tarihin ayyukan raya ƙasa bisa hujjoji, ba wai a dogara da sanarwar gwamnati kaɗai ko kuma a jingina wa wani shugaba aikin da ba a tabbatar da lokacin fara shi da kammala shi ba.
KOWA YA TUNA BARA! — Amma tunawa da tarihi yana buƙatar hujjoji.
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