KOWA YA TUNA BARA!
GENERAL SANI ABACHA: ƘIRƘIRAR SABABBIN JIHOHI DA KANANAN HUKUMOMI — ME YA SA AKA YI HAKAN?
Bincike na Musamman daga Alfijir Labarai
FITOWA TA 7
Gabatarwa
A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1996, gwamnatin Janar Sani Abacha ta sanar da ƙirƙirar sabbin jihohi shida tare da amincewa da ƙarin kananan hukumomi 183 a Najeriya.
Wannan mataki ya kasance wani babban sauyi a tsarin gudanarwar ƙasar, domin ya shafi yadda ake rarraba ikon gwamnati, gudanar da harkokin jama’a da kuma kusantar da gwamnati ga al’umma.
Amma tambayar bincikenmu ita ce:
Me ya sa aka ƙirƙiri waɗannan jihohi? Waɗanne jihohi ne aka ƙirƙira? Me gwamnatin Abacha ta ce game da dalilin hakan? Kuma me aka tanada domin sabbin jihohin su fara aiki?
1. Batun ƙirƙirar jihohi bai fara da gwamnatin Abacha ba
Muhimmin abu da ya kamata a fara fahimta shi ne, buƙatar ƙirƙirar sabbin jihohi da kananan hukumomi ta riga ta wanzu kafin gwamnatin Abacha.
A jawabinsa na ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1996, Abacha ya bayyana cewa gwamnatinsa ta kafa wani kwamiti a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1995 domin nazarin buƙatun ƙirƙirar sabbin jihohi, kananan hukumomi da gyaran iyakoki.
A cewar jawabin, kwamitin ya karɓi:
Buƙatun ƙirƙirar jihohi 72
Buƙatun ƙirƙirar kananan hukumomi 2,369
Buƙatun gyaran iyaka 286
Daga baya kwamitin ya gabatar da shawarwarinsa ga gwamnati domin yanke hukunci.
Saboda haka, abin da ya dace mu ce shi ne: buƙatar ta riga ta wanzu, amma gwamnatin Abacha ce ta yanke hukuncin aiwatar da wannan sabon tsarin a 1996.
2. Jihohi shida aka ƙirƙira
A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1996, gwamnatin ta amince da ƙirƙirar jihohi shida, ɗaya daga kowace daga cikin geopolitical zones shida na ƙasar.
Su ne:
Bayelsa State
An ƙirƙire ta daga tsohuwar Rivers State, babban birninta Yenagoa.
Ebonyi State
An ƙirƙire ta daga sassan tsoffin Abia da Enugu States, babban birninta Abakaliki.
Ekiti State
An ƙirƙire ta daga tsohuwar Ondo State, babban birninta Ado-Ekiti.
Gombe State
An ƙirƙire ta daga tsohuwar Bauchi State, babban birninta Gombe.
Nasarawa State
An ƙirƙire ta daga tsohuwar Plateau State, babban birninta Lafia.
Zamfara State
An ƙirƙire ta daga tsohuwar Sokoto State, babban birninta Gusau.
3. Me gwamnatin Abacha ta ce ya sa aka ƙirƙiri jihohin?
A cewar jawabin Abacha na 1996, gwamnati ta yi la’akari da wasu abubuwa wajen yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar jihohin, ciki har da daidaita rabon jihohi tsakanin geopolitical zones, tare da la’akari da yawan jama’a da girman ƙasa, da sauran ka’idoji.
Gwamnatin ta kuma ce akwai buƙatu daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar, kuma batun ƙirƙirar jihohi da kananan hukumomi na daga cikin batutuwan da National Constitutional Conference ta miƙa wa gwamnatin domin a yanke hukunci.
4. An ƙara kananan hukumomi 183
Ba jihohi shida kaɗai aka ƙirƙira ba.
A wannan ranar, Provisional Ruling Council ya amince da ƙarin kananan hukumomi 183.
A cewar jawabin, an yi amfani da tsarin ƙara kashi 30 cikin 100 bisa adadin kananan hukumomin da kowace jiha take da su a lokacin.
Wannan ya nuna cewa matakin bai tsaya kan canza iyakokin jihohi ba; an kuma yi ƙoƙarin sake tsara matakin ƙaramar hukuma.
5. Shin ƙirƙirar jihohi ita ce mafita ga ci gaba?
A nan ne akwai wani muhimmin abu da ya kamata mu kula da shi.
Gwamnatin Abacha kanta ta bayyana cewa yawaitar jihohi da kananan hukumomi ba ita ce mafita ta ƙarshe ga ci gaban tattalin arziki ba.
Ta kuma ce ba a gudanar da aikin ne domin raba al’ummomin da suka daɗe suna rayuwa tare ba, sai dai ta fuskar sauƙaƙa gudanar da mulki da bukatun gudanarwa.
Wannan muhimmin bayani ne, domin yana nuna cewa hatta gwamnatin da ta ƙirƙiri jihohin ta bambanta tsakanin ƙirƙirar sabon tsarin gudanarwa da kuma samun ci gaba kai tsaye.
6. Me aka tanada domin sabbin jihohin su fara aiki?
Wannan shi ne wani ɓangare da ya kamata a kula da shi sosai.
Jawabin Abacha ya ce ƙirƙirar sabbin jihohi da kananan hukumomi zai buƙaci aikin gudanarwa mai yawa domin tabbatar da fara aiki cikin tsari.
Saboda haka aka kafa implementation committees domin sa ido da daidaita ayyukan da suka shafi fara aikin sabbin jihohin da kananan hukumomin.
Amma akwai wani muhimmin bayani:
Gwamnatin ta ce ba za ta samar da wani “special take-off grant” ga sabbin jihohi fiye da abin da aka tanada a Federation Account ba.
Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙirƙirar sabuwar jiha ba ya nufin gwamnati za ta samar da wani babban sabon asusu na musamman kai tsaye domin fara dukkan ayyukanta.
7. Gwamnatin ta kuma gargadi sabbin jihohin
A cikin jawabin, gwamnatin ta jaddada cewa ya kamata a guji ɓarnar albarkatu da asarar kuɗi wajen kafa da gudanar da sabbin jihohi da kananan hukumomi.
Ta kuma ce ya kamata a magance batutuwan:
Raba kadarori
Canja wurin ma’aikata
Shirya tsarin gudanarwa
Shirya tsare-tsaren ci gaba
Samar da tsarin samarwa da tattalin arziki
cikin tsari da nauyin da ya dace.
8. Shin an samu sakamakon da aka yi tsammani?
Wannan tambayar ba za mu amsa ta da zato ba.
Ƙirƙirar jihar a 1 ga Oktoba 1996 abu ne da aka tabbatar.
Amma domin sanin ainihin sakamakon, sai mu binciki abin da ya faru bayan ƙirƙirar jihohin:
Yaushe aka kafa cikakkun ma’aikatun gwamnati?
Yaushe aka gina sakatarorin gwamnati?
Ta yaya aka raba kadarori da ma’aikata?
Nawa aka kashe wajen fara sabbin jihohin?
Waɗanne ayyukan raya ƙasa aka fara?
Me gwamnatin tarayya ta bayar?
Me sabbin jihohin suka samu daga Federation Account?
Kuma wane irin ci gaba aka samu a shekaru bayan kafuwarsu?
Wannan shi ne matakin bincike da zai ba mu damar bambance ƙirƙirar jiha da sakamakon ƙirƙirar jihar.
9. Abin da tarihin hukuma ya tabbatar
A yau, shafukan gwamnatin wasu daga cikin jihohin da aka ƙirƙira suna ci gaba da tabbatar da cewa an kafa su a shekarar 1996.
Gwamnatin Gombe, alal misali, ta bayyana cewa an ƙirƙiri jihar a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1996 daga tsohuwar Bauchi State.
Gwamnatin Bayelsa kuma ta bayyana cewa an ƙirƙiri jihar a 1996 daga Rivers State.
Gwamnatin Ebonyi ta bayyana cewa jihar ta samo asali daga sassan Abia da Enugu a 1996.
Wannan ya ƙara tabbatar da cewa 1996 ita ce shekarar da aka aiwatar da wannan babban sauyi na tsarin jihohi.
ABIN DA YA KAMATA MU TUNA
Bincikenmu ya nuna cewa:
Na ɗaya: Buƙatar ƙirƙirar sabbin jihohi da kananan hukumomi ta riga ta wanzu kafin gwamnatin Abacha.
Na biyu: Gwamnatin Abacha ta kafa kwamiti a Disamba 1995 domin nazarin buƙatun.
Na uku: A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1996 aka ƙirƙiri jihohi shida.
Na huɗu: Jihohin su ne Bayelsa, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Gombe, Nasarawa da Zamfara.
Na biyar: An kuma amince da ƙarin kananan hukumomi 183.
Na shida: Gwamnatin ta bayyana cewa manufar tsarin ta shafi gudanarwa da amsa wasu buƙatun jama’a, amma ta kuma yi gargadin cewa yawaitar jihohi da kananan hukumomi ba ita ce mafita ta ƙarshe ga ci gaban tattalin arziki ba.
Na bakwai: Gwamnatin ta kafa kwamitocin aiwatarwa, sannan ta bayyana cewa ba za a ba sabbin jihohin wani tallafin fara aiki na musamman fiye da abin da aka tanada a Federation Account ba.
Kammalawa
Tarihin ƙirƙirar jihohi shida a shekarar 1996 ba ya fara da sanarwar ranar 1 ga Oktoba kawai.
Akwai buƙatu → kwamiti → bincike → shawarwari → hukuncin gwamnati → aiwatarwa.
Saboda haka, idan muna son mu fahimci cikakken tasirin matakin, bai kamata mu tsaya kan cewa “an ƙirƙiri jihohi shida” kawai ba.
Tambayar gaba ita ce:
Bayan an ƙirƙiri waɗannan jihohi, me gwamnatin Abacha ta yi wajen taimaka musu su fara aiki, kuma waɗanne manyan ayyuka aka aiwatar a sabbin jihohin kafin 1998?
Wannan shi ne abin da za mu bincika a mataki na gaba.
KOWA YA TUNA BARA!
Bincike na Musamman daga Alfijir Labarai
Muhimman tushe:
[Jawabin Sani Abacha na 1 Oktoba 1996](https://archivi.ng/the-archivist/stories/issue-4/independence-day-speech/1996-independence-day-speech?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
[Gwamnatin Bayelsa — Tarihin jihar](https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/about/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
[Gwamnatin Gombe — Tarihin jihar](https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/pages/history.php?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
[Gwamnatin Ebonyi — Tarihin jihar](https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/about-ebonyi?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
[Gwamnatin Zamfara — Tarihin jihar](https://zamfara.gov.ng/about-zamfara/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
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