MU LEKA HUKUMAR CUSTOMS
Mu Bincika. Mu Tambaya. Mu Bayyana Abin da Doka Ta Ce.
FITOWA TA 4
DAGA FORFEITURE ZUWA DISPOSAL: ME DOKA TA CE, KUMA INA KAYAN DA CUSTOMS TA KWACE SUKE ƘAREWA?
A Fitowa Ta 3, Alfijir Labarai ta duba bambancin da ke tsakanin seizure, detention, forfeiture, condemnation da disposal.
Mun gano cewa kama kaya ba shi ne ƙarshen tsarin ba.
A wannan makon, mun matsa zuwa mataki na gaba:
Idan kaya sun kai matakin forfeiture, me doka ta ce game da makomarsu?
Kuma idan doka ta ba da damar disposal, ta yaya ake gudanar da wannan tsari?
WANNAN SHI NE MUHIMMIN BATUN BINCIKENMU A YAU.
FORFEITURE BA SHI NE DISPOSAL BA
A ƙarƙashin Nigeria Customs Service Act 2023, akwai matakai daban-daban da suka shafi seizure, claim, condemnation da forfeiture.
Saboda haka, ba kowane kaya da Customs ta kama ne ake iya ɗauka kai tsaye cewa an kammala forfeiture ba.
Tsarin na iya haɗawa da:
SEIZURE → NOTICE → CLAIM → CONDEMNATION/FORFEITURE → DISPOSAL
A Schedule na dokar, Customs tana da nauyin bayar da sanarwar seizure ga wanda ta sani a matsayin mai kayan, tare da bayyana dalilin kamun, sai dai inda dokar ta tanadi keɓancewa.
Mai ikirarin cewa kayan da aka kama ko aka ayyana forfeited ba su cancanci forfeiture ba, yana da damar gabatar da claim a rubuce cikin lokacin da dokar ta tanada. Dokar ta kuma ba Customs damar tsawaita wannan lokacin a wasu yanayi.
Wannan yana nuna cewa:
“Kama kaya” ba daidai yake da “kammala forfeiture” ba.
ME KE FARUWA IDAN BA A GABATAR DA CLAIM BA?
Schedule na Nigeria Customs Service Act 2023 ya tanadi cewa idan lokacin gabatar da claim ya ƙare ba tare da an gabatar da claim ba, ko kuma ba a cika wasu sharuddan claim ba, kayan na iya zama deemed to have been condemned as forfeited.
Saboda haka, matsayin kayan yana da muhimmanci kafin a kai su wani mataki na gaba.
ME YA FARU IDAN AN GABATAR DA CLAIM?
Idan an gabatar da claim, lamarin na iya buƙatar ƙarin tantancewa ko kuma ya shiga tsarin shari’a, gwargwadon yanayin kayan da kuma tanadin dokar da ya shafi lamarin.
Wannan yana nufin cewa mai kaya ba ya rasa damar kalubalantar matakin Customs kawai saboda an kama kayan.
Haka kuma, Customs na iya kare matakin da ta ɗauka idan ta yi imanin cewa kayan sun cancanci forfeiture.
DISPOSAL: ME KE FARUWA BAYAN FORFEITURE?
Wannan shi ne sabon matakin da muke dubawa a Fitowa Ta 4.
“Disposal” ba yana nufin abu guda ɗaya kawai ba.
Makomar kayan na iya dogara da irin kayan, matsayin su a ƙarƙashin doka da kuma tanadin da ya shafe su.
A wasu yanayi, doka na iya tanadar da sale, auction, tender, destruction ko wata hanyar disposal.
Saboda haka, tambayar bincikenmu ita ce:
Wane tanadin doka ne ya shafi kowane nau’in kayan da aka forfeited?
KUMA INA PUBLIC AUCTION YAKE SHIGA?
Nigeria Customs Service tana da tsarin e-Auction na hukuma.
A tsarin e-Auction, mai son shiga yana buƙatar valid Tax Identification Number (TIN), email da ke da alaƙa da TIN, da kuma yin rajista a tsarin.
Shafin e-Auction na Customs ya bayyana cewa masu cin auction suna da sharuddan biyan kuɗi da karɓar kayan, yayin da jami’an Customs ba a yarda su shiga auction ba. Shafin ya kuma bayyana cewa mai kayan da aka kama ba ya cikin masu iya yin bidding kan kayan nasa.
Wannan ya kawo wasu tambayoyi masu muhimmanci:
Ina ake wallafa kayayyakin da za a yi auction?
Ta yaya ake tantance farashin kayan?
Ta yaya ake tabbatar da gaskiyar tsarin bidding?
Kuma me ke faruwa bayan an samu successful bidder?
RAHMANIYYA RICE: ABIN DA KOTU TA YANKE
A ranar 10 Satumba 2026, Federal High Court da ke Lagos ta soke forfeiture da auction na containers 19 da ke ɗauke da kayan aikin noma mallakar Rahmaniyya Rice Limited.
Kotun ta gano cewa kayan sun riga sun samu clearance kuma an sake su ga mai shigo da su.
Justice Ibrahim Kala ya bayyana cewa forfeiture orders ɗin da aka dogara da su ba za su iya tsayawa ba a wannan yanayin, sannan kotun ta umurci a mayar da containers ɗin ga kamfanin.
Kotun ta kuma bayar da N5 million a matsayin costs a kan Nigeria Customs Service Board.
Wannan hukunci yana da muhimmanci ga bincikenmu saboda yana nuna cewa:
HALIN KAYAN KAFIN FORFEITURE DA DISPOSAL YANA DA MUHIMMANCINCI.
Amma bai kamata a fassara hukuncin a matsayin cewa Customs ba ta da ikon forfeiture ko disposal a kowane hali ba.
Hukuncin ya shafi takamaiman kayan da kotun ta gano cewa an riga an cleared kuma an released su.
DAGA NAN ZUWA AUCTION: WANE TSARI AKE BI?
Idan doka ta ba da damar disposal ta hanyar auction, akwai tambayoyi da ya kamata jama’a su iya samun amsarsu:
An tabbatar da matsayin kayan kuwa?
An kammala forfeiture ne bisa doka?
An bi tsarin notice da claim?
An samu izinin da doka ta tanada?
An sanar da jama’a?
An tantance farashin kayan yadda ya dace?
An gudanar da bidding ta hanyar da za a iya tantance gaskiyarta?
Kuma an rubuta bayanan wanda ya ci auction da yadda aka karɓi kuɗin?
WANNAN SHI NE ABIN DA ALFIJIR LABARAI ZA TA BINCIKA
Ba za mu tsaya kan hotunan kayan da Customs ta kama ba.
Za mu bi hanyar kayan daga farko zuwa ƙarshe:
KAMA KAYA
↓
NOTICE
↓
CLAIM
↓
FORFEITURE / CONDEMNATION
↓
DISPOSAL
↓
AUCTION / TENDER, INDA DOKA TA TANADA
↓
PAYMENT
↓
RELEASE
A kowane mataki za mu tambayi:
Menene doka ta ce?
Wane ne ke da alhaki?
Wane takarda ko sanarwa ake buƙata?
Kuma shin an bi tsarin da doka ta tanada?
INA KUƊIN DA AKA SAMU SUKE ZUWA?
Wannan ma yana daga cikin muhimman tambayoyin bincikenmu.
Idan aka sayar da kayan da doka ta ba da damar disposal ɗinsu, me ke faruwa da kuɗin da aka samu?
Wace hukuma ce ke karɓar kuɗin?
Ta yaya ake rubuta kuɗin a matsayin kudaden gwamnati?
Kuma ta yaya ake tabbatar da cewa tsarin yana da sahihiyar hanya ta lissafi da bincike?
Waɗannan tambayoyi za mu ci gaba da bincikarsu daga bayanan hukuma da takardun da suka dace.
IDAN KOTU TA SOKE FORFEITURE KO AUCTION FA?
Shari’ar Rahmaniyya Rice ta nuna cewa wannan tambayar ba ta ka’ida kawai ba ce.
Kotun ta soke forfeiture da auction, sannan ta umurci a mayar da kayan ga mai su.
Saboda haka, akwai wasu tambayoyi:
Me ke faruwa idan an riga an sayar da kaya?
Wa ke da alhakin kayan idan kotu ta soke forfeiture?
Me ke faruwa da wanda ya sayi kayan ta hanyar auction?
Kuma ta yaya ake mayar da haƙƙin mai kayan idan kotu ta tabbatar da cewa forfeiture bai dace da doka ba?
BABBAR TAMBAYAR FITOWA TA 4
Bayan Customs ta kama kaya, kuma kayan suka kai matakin forfeiture:
SHIN ANA BIN DUKKAN MATKAN DA DOKA TA TANADA KAFIN A YI DISPOSAL?
Wannan ita ce tambayar da Alfijir Labarai za ta ci gaba da bincikawa.
Ba wai muna tambayar:
“Customs ta sayar da kayan ne, kawai ba.
Muna tambayar:
“Ta yaya kayan suka kai matakin disposal, wane mataki aka bi, kuma ina hujjar doka take?”
ABIN DA ZA MU DUBA A FITOWA TA 5
A Fitowa Ta 5, za mu matsa zuwa:
E-AUCTION NA CUSTOMS
Ta yaya tsarin yake aiki daga rajista zuwa cin auction?
Za mu duba:
• Wa zai iya shiga?
• Wa aka hana?
• Ta yaya ake wallafa kayayyakin?
• Ta yaya ake gudanar da bidding?
• Mene ne reserve price?
• Me ke faruwa bayan an ci auction?
• Yaya ake biyan kuɗi?
• Yaya ake karɓar kayan?
• Kuma ta yaya jama’a za su iya tabbatar da cewa sanarwar auction da suke gani a kafafen sada zumunta sahihiya ce?
ALFIJIR LABARAI
MU LEKA HUKUMAR CUSTOMS
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