KOWA YA TUNA BARA!
Bincike na Musamman daga Alfijir Labarai
FITOWA TA 4
A Fitowar Ta 1, mun duba wasu manyan ayyuka da shirye-shiryen raya ƙasa na zamanin General Sani Abacha.
A Fitowa Ta 2, mun koma kan tattalin arziki, foreign reserves, manufofin kuɗi da wasu shirye-shiryen tallafa wa iyalai da tattalin arzikin ƙasa.
A Fitowa Ta 3 kuma, mun binciki noma, samar da abinci da ƙoƙarin mayar da ƙananan manoma cikin waɗanda ke cin gajiyar jarin gwamnati.
A wannan Fitowa Ta 4, za mu duba wani shiri da aka kafa a ƙarshen zamanin Abacha wanda aka tsara domin ƙananan masu sana’a, masu samar da kaya da ayyuka, da bunƙasa tattalin arzikin karkara: Family Economic Advancement Programme — FEAP.
1. ME YA SA AKA KAFA FEAP?
A ranar 12 ga Agusta 1997, aka kafa Family Economic Advancement Programme ƙarƙashin Decree No. 11 of 1997.
Dokar ta bayyana FEAP a matsayin wani shirin ƙarfafa tattalin arziki da aka tsara musamman domin masu samar da kaya da ayyuka na cikin gida, da masu son kafa sana’o’i da cottage industries.
Dokar ta kuma tanadi sharuddan samun rance da tsarin dawo da rancen.
Wannan yana nuna cewa manufar shirin ba kawai bayar da kuɗi ba ce, amma ta haɗa da ƙoƙarin samar da tsarin da zai taimaka wa mutanen da ke ƙanana wajen samar da kaya da ayyuka su faɗaɗa ayyukansu.
2. N4.3 BILIYAN A KASAFIN 1997
A bayanin kasafin kuɗin 1997, an bayyana cewa an ware ₦4.3 biliyan domin FEAP.
Bayanin ya ce an tsara shirin ne domin mayar da albarkatu zuwa yankunan karkara domin productive ventures, kafa cottage industries da sauran ayyukan da za su taimaka wajen ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin mazauna karkara.
An kuma bayyana cewa za a yi amfani da injuna da kayan aiki da ake ƙerawa a cikin gida domin gudanar da wasu ayyukan shirin.
3. COTTAGE INDUSTRIES: ƘARAMAR MASANA’ANTA A KARKARA
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman manufofin FEAP shi ne ƙarfafa cottage industries — ƙananan masana’antu ko wuraren samar da kayayyaki waɗanda za a iya gudanar da su a matakin gida ko al’umma.
Manufar ita ce a yi amfani da albarkatun da ake da su a yankunan karkara wajen samar da sana’o’i da ayyukan tattalin arziki.
Wannan tsarin yana haɗa:
ALBARKATUN KARKARA → ƘARAMAR SANA’A → SAMAR DA KAYAYYAKI → AIKIN YI → KUƊIN SHIGA
4. AMFANIN KAYAN AIKI DA AKE ƘERA A CIKIN NAJERIYA
Wani abu mai muhimmanci a cikin tsarin FEAP shi ne amfani da kayan aiki da injunan da ake ƙerawa a Najeriya.
Bayanin kasafin 1997 ya ce gwamnati ta gano cibiyoyin cikin gida da ke iya ƙera injuna da kayan aikin da ake buƙata domin cottage industries.
An bayyana irin waɗannan kayan aikin da ake ƙerawa a cikin gida a matsayin wani muhimmin ɓangare na shirin.
Wannan ya haɗa FEAP da manufar ƙarfafa ikon cikin gida wajen samar da kayan aiki da kayayyaki.
5. RANCE DA ƘARAMIN JARI
Dokar FEAP ta tanadi tsarin samar da loan facilities ga waɗanda suka cancanta, tare da ƙa’idojin cancanta da tsarin dawo da rance.
Wani bincike kan tsarin kuɗin karkara ya bayyana FEAP a matsayin shirin da aka tsara domin samar da jari ta hanyar rance ga mutane a matakin ward, domin su kafa da gudanar da cottage enterprises.
Saboda haka, tsarin FEAP ya kasance wani nau’i na empowerment programme mai alaƙa da rance da ayyukan samar da kaya da ayyuka.
6. NAWA AKA AIWATAR A 1997?
A nan ne bayanan CBN suka ƙara mana wani muhimmin haske.
A wani bayani na CBN kan shirye-shiryen rage talauci, an rubuta cewa a shekarar 1997, FEAP ta rarraba jimillar ₦1.72 biliyan ga ƙungiyoyin cooperative societies 11,767 a faɗin Najeriya.
Wannan yana nuna cewa shirin bai tsaya kan kafa doka da tsara manufofi kawai ba; akwai bayanan da ke nuna cewa an fara rarraba kuɗin shirin tun a shekarar da aka kafa shi.
Amma CBN ta kuma yi wani muhimmin gargadi: wasu daga cikin waɗanda suka kamata su zama ainihin beneficiaries ba su samu cikakken amfanin shirin ba, yayin da wasu “shadow personalities” suka shiga cikin tsarin.
Saboda haka, akwai bambanci tsakanin abin da aka tsara, abin da aka rarraba, da wanda ya samu amfanin ƙarshe.
7. HAƊA NOMA DA ƘARAMAR MASANA’ANTA
FEAP ta kuma haɗa da wasu ayyukan da suka shafi small-scale farming, tare da manufar samar da jari ga ƙananan ayyukan tattalin arziki.
Wannan yana ba da damar fahimtar tsarin a matsayin:
NOMA → KAYAN AMFANI → ƘARAMAR MASANA’ANTA → SAMAR DA KAYAYYAKI → AIKIN YI
Wato, noma ba wai kawai samar da abinci ba ne; zai iya samar da albarkatun da ake sarrafawa domin ƙara darajar kayayyaki da samar da ayyukan yi.
8. FEAP DA ƘOƘARIN ƘARFAFA TATTALIN ARZIKIN KARKARA
Bayanan lokacin sun nuna cewa an tsara FEAP ne domin kai albarkatu zuwa yankunan karkara da kuma ƙarfafa ayyukan samar da arziki.
Wani binciken CBN ya bayyana cewa shirye-shiryen FSP da FEAP sun kasance cikin manufofin da aka mayar da hankali kansu wajen inganta rayuwar mazauna karkara, musamman saboda muhimmancin noma da ayyukan tattalin arzikin karkara.
Saboda haka, FEAP za a iya kallonta a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin samar da damar tattalin arziki ga ƙananan masu samarwa.
9. SHIN FEAP TA WARWARE MATSALAR TALAUCI?
A nan ya kamata mu yi taka-tsantsan.
Bayanan tarihi sun tabbatar da cewa gwamnati ta kafa FEAP, ta samar da tsarin doka, ta ware kuɗi, kuma ta fara rarraba wasu daga cikin kuɗin shirin.
Amma hakan kaɗai bai isa mu ce FEAP ta kawar da talauci ko ta warware matsalolin ƙananan ’yan kasuwa a Najeriya ba.
Haka kuma, bayanan CBN sun nuna cewa akwai matsalolin da suka shafi yadda aka kai amfanin shirin ga ainihin beneficiaries.
Saboda haka, cikakken tarihin FEAP yana buƙatar a duba abin da aka tsara, abin da aka aiwatar, waɗanda suka amfana da kuma ƙalubalen da aka fuskanta.
ABIN DA YA KAMATA MU TUNA
FEAP na daga cikin shirye-shiryen da aka kafa a ƙarshen zamanin Abacha domin ƙarfafa ƙananan masu samar da kaya da ayyuka, cottage industries da tattalin arzikin karkara.
An kafa shirin a 12 Agusta 1997, an tanadi tsarin rance da empowerment, sannan kasafin 1997 ya ware ₦4.3 biliyan domin shirin.
Bayanan CBN kuma sun nuna cewa a cikin 1997 an rarraba ₦1.72 biliyan ga cooperative societies 11,767 a faɗin Najeriya. Amma CBN ta kuma nuna cewa akwai matsaloli wajen tabbatar da cewa ainihin beneficiaries sun samu cikakken amfanin shirin.
Wannan shi ne muhimmin darasi daga tarihin FEAP:
BA KAWAI ABIN DA AKA TSARA BA NE YAKE DA MUHIMMANCI — ABIN DA AKA AIWATAR, WA YA AMFANA, DA ABIN DA AKA SAMU A ƘARSHE SU MA SUNA DA MUHIMMANCI.
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